FDI and poverty reduction in Botswana: A multivariate causality test

A new test of multivariate nonlinear causality

The multivariate nonlinear Granger causality developed by Bai et al. (2010) (Mathematics and Computers in simulation. 2010; 81: 5-17) plays an important role in detecting the dynamic interrelationships between two groups of variables. Following the idea of Hiemstra-Jones (HJ) test proposed by Hiemstra and Jones (1994) (Journal of Finance. 1994; 49(5): 1639-1664), they attempt to establish a cen...

Saving, Investment, and Growth: A Causality Test

In the second half of the last century, tremendous efforts were devoted to identifying sources of economic success by a few countries and causes of failure by most. In this process a voluminous literature ranging from the neo-classical to Marxist, neo-Marxist, and dependency theories has been developed to answer the question of disparity among different countries of the north vis-à-vis those of...

Gender and Reduction of Poverty in Iran

Agriculture Trade Openness and Poverty Reduction: A Cross-Country Analysis

This paper explores the effects of general and agricultural trade openness on economic freedom and alongside with the quality of institutions, on income and poverty. Recent cross-country data for over 200 nations in global regions were used to estimate equations for income, poverty and economic freedom. Economic freedom appears to have positive impacts on income levels, which together with good...

saving, investment, and growth: a causality test

in the second half of the last century, tremendous efforts were devoted to identifying sources of economic success by a few countries and causes of failure by most. in this process a voluminous literature ranging from the neo-classical to marxist, neo-marxist, and dependency theories has been developed to answer the question of disparity among different countries of the north vis-à-vis those of...